Cosy Up With COSI

The concept of Childhood Obesity Awareness Month contains a cruel irony. One might be tempted to say, “Oh, really? Childhood obesity is still a thing? Glad you brought it up. I wouldn’t have guessed, just from seeing all these, you know, severely obese and ominously overweight children everywhere.”

Are more children dangerously heavy than ever before?

“Surveillance” is not everyone’s favorite word, but the European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI) is trying to do something useful.

The system was established by the World Health Organization with the intention of providing “regular, reliable, timely, and accurate data on children’s weight status.” This is accomplished by recording the weight and height of every child in 45 European Region countries, according to a standardized measurement system.

Much information is gathered, on the kids’ family backgrounds, school environments, diet, activity, proneness to a sedentary lifestyle, and so forth. The goal is to “standardize conditions around data collection as much as possible, while still allowing participating countries some flexibility to adapt the system to their national context”:

Data are collected according to a common protocol devised by the WHO Regional Office for Europe and Member States… The first five data collection rounds, between 2007 and 2021, yielded measured anthropometric data on over 1.3 million children…

The system they have worked out to avoid being rejected by some countries, while still keeping up the standard, is very interesting. Even the translation protocols are elaborate and demanding. COSI’s most recent research indicates that…

Overall, the prevalence of overweight (including obesity) was 29% in boys and 27% in girls aged 6 to 9 years; the prevalence of obesity was 13% in boys and 9% in girls.

The highest proportions of childhood overweight and obesity were observed in Mediterranean countries such as Cyprus, Greece, Italy and Spain…

The lowest […] were observed in central Asian countries such as Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Turkmenistan.

Bear in mind that it takes a burdensome amount of time to collect and collate all the numbers involved, from so many different places and bureaucracies, and in various different languages. So, nothing about this is up-to-the-minute. But anyone who assumes that since the information was gathered, the situation has only become worse, will probably be correct.

Your responses and feedback are welcome!

Source: “Methodology and implementation of the WHO European Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI),” Wiley.com, 11/04/21
Source: “WHO Joint Session Including the Results of the Latest Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative (COSI) Report,” EASO.org, 04/11/21
Image by Mohd Fazlin Mohd Effendy Ooi/CC BY 2.0

Formerly Fat, Latterly Lapsed 4

By the fall of 2019, weighing 500 pounds and coming up fast on 60 years of age, a broken man financially, physically and mentally, Paul Mason was back in England, in taxpayer-funded housing, with round-the-clock care. Journalist Adam Aspinall wrote for the Daily Mirror:

The world’s former fattest man is begging the NHS to save his life after being admitted to hospital four times in the past five months.

Speaking from a secret location, a desperate Paul told the Mirror: “The NHS have saved my life time and again. I could be dead without them. I’m determined to get my health back so I don’t let them down — I just need them to help me one last time… I have thought about taking my own life but I cannot let it come to that.”

In mid-2021 his medical situation was worse. Along with the gastric bypass needing repair, and the broken stapled parts inside him, and the wrecked knees, now one hip needed serious attention. But meanwhile, the COVID pandemic had drastically changed the social and medical landscapes. Of everything they needed, everyone was getting even less than ever before.

With all those problems, plus the misery of arthritis, Paul Mason was in constant distress. So he did what he always had done — he ate more. Reporters Adam Aspinall & Holly Hume quoted him as leading off with potato chips:

Crisps have always been my go-to snack. I use them to keep the edge off because I’m in terrible pain through the arthritis and I have a doctor who will not give me any proper pain relief. She said I’ve just got to live with it.

On top of that I wasn’t getting the minerals I needed due to my gastric bypass needing to be altered and that made by depression worse which led to me becoming very unhappy.

Despite the doctor’s caution with pain meds, Mason attempted suicide by overdose. Then, toward the year’s end, the long-awaited documentary, 10 years in the making, was finally wrapped up and released. By now Mason was a significant figure to many people who empathized with his struggles against obesity, and possibly with his unrelenting tendency to be his own worst enemy. The television premiere of “The World’s Fattest Man — 10 Years On” garnered wide attention.

By this time, he was living by himself in what the British call “sheltered housing.” He had gained even more weight and seemed, in his public pronouncements, to solely blame the pandemic for his epic backsliding. Reporter Jaymi McCann quoted the ITV synopsis of the production:

This unique documentary, filmed over 11 years, charts how Paul Mason from Ipswich took his life to the extreme, reaching nearly 80 stone (1,120 lbs.) as his food addiction became out of control.

While surgeons try to fix his body as his weight is on a rollercoaster, the question needs to be asked: is the real battle in his mind? Can therapy provide an answer to his compulsive eating?

At last, Paul, once the world’s fattest man, is going to face his demons in order to tackle the addiction which has devastated his life.

Your responses and feedback are welcome!

Source: “World’s fattest man begs NHS to save his life with £100k weight loss surgery,” Mirror.co.uk. 09/29/19
Source: “Former world’s fattest man Paul Mason took overdose after pandemic weight gain,” Archive.ph, 11/03/21
Source: “Paul Mason now: What happened to the ‘World’s Fattest Man’ as ITV documentary catches up 10 years on,” Inews.co.uk, 11/03/21
Image by Leonard J. Matthews/CC BY-ND 2.0

Formerly Fat, Latterly Lapsed 3

But the plans that Paul Mason and Rebecca Mountain had made for their mutual future soon dissolved. (For the backstory, see our previous posts about Paul Mason). Mason got tired of small portion sizes, healthful foods, and no potato chips. He was bored and went back to night eating, which is never good. The couple tried a Paleo diet, against which he rebelled.

Basically, he cheated on his lady — not with other women, but with carbs. Ms. Mountain told journalist Emma Parker:

I came home and there was a big loaf of bread in the refrigerator. We had an agreement that we were not going to tempt each other. I felt he wasn’t taking my feelings into consideration. In the weeks after, he went back to his old habits.

Despite their broken engagement, Mountain and Mason continued as roommates until some point in 2018. A real downward spiral began when another woman offered to take him in, and he moved. He told reporter Adam Aspinall,

I met someone out there and we became friendly, she said she had a spare bedroom and offered me a place rent free so I said, yeah OK.

She started demanding things like money for cigarettes, and she took opioids and demanded my prescription from me. I was trapped.

This is what led to me stealing, she would give me a whole A4 list of stuff and would get me to go in the supermarket and steal it — I did not have any choice — it was like an entrapment situation…

I got arrested and taken to court but I paid the fine, there is no outstanding warrant or anything like that…

Apparently though, the thievery was more extensive than he made it sound, but that belongs in the upcoming Addiction discussion.

Another rupture

In 2019, at age 58, Mason was back up to 500 pounds and planned to return to his homeland. His gastric bypass needed adjustment. At least eight of his stomach staples had been defeated by the brute force of his eating and needed surgical repair. His joints were wrecked from the weight they bore in the times when he could walk, and he needed bilateral knee replacements. He told social media friends that during his five years in the U.S., he had made wrong decisions and earned negative consequences.

Mason called his second roommate a “bad influence” and admitted that through his own fault, he had let his visa expire, and also acknowledged that he needed therapeutic counseling on a regular basis. He wanted to go home, but a lot of his fellow Brits did not want him back. Journalist Terri-Ann Williams wrote,

The former world’s fattest man has denied he is a scrounger as he is set to return to the UK to receive £100,000 of NHS care — as the US won’t pay for his treatment…

Tam Fry, of the National Obesity Forum, said that bypass patients know they have to reduce their food intake and think more carefully about what they eat.

He added: “Paul’s health problems are therefore his fault. The NHS should not be forced to clean up this mess… As far as I’m concerned when he moved to America he forfeited his right to NHS treatment.”

Your responses and feedback are welcome!

Source: “Sex with World’s fattest man Paul Mason ‘great’ says ex — but he cheated on her with bread,” Archive.ph, 06/07/19
Source: “World’s fattest man begs NHS to save his life with £100k weight loss surgery,” Mirror.co.uk, 09/29/19
Source: “Former world’s fattest man — who now weighs 40 stone — denies he is a scrounger,” DailyMail.co.uk, 05/27/19
Image by Nathan Cooprider/CC BY 2.0

Formerly Fat, Latterly Lapsed 2

On a day in 2010, Paul Mason lay on the largest available surgical bed, and yet fat still cascaded off both sides. He was prepped for a bariatric procedure called a keyhole gastric bypass. Because of his pre-existing conditions, mainly morbid obesity, his chance of living through any surgery was only 50/50. Nobody knew how much anesthetic it took to numb such a huge body without killing the patient.

How did he get there? In the most immediate and literal sense, as told by the GQ journalist Justin Heckert:

[F]ive paramedics in yellow suits wheeled Mason out of his home on the bed where he lived. Using a motorized winch, they hoisted his extra-wide reinforced stretcher into the back of the supersized ambulance that the Suffolk branch of the NHS had scoured all of Great Britain to find…

Engineers had realized before he arrived that the operating room probably wouldn’t be sturdy enough to hold him. After consulting blueprints, they ultimately installed metal supports beneath the floor.

The following summer, at age 50, Mason made the news again. Having lost enough weight to fit into a wheelchair, he was out and about, and suffered a fall when about a mile from home. When paramedics arrived, they treated a head injury, and the fire department transferred him into a reinforced ambulance using specialized lifting equipment.

Some time later, Sarah Lyall wrote for The New York Times about Mason’s life when in his mid-50s. Despite having lost about 650 pounds (which is more than a quarter of a ton) he was in the undesirable position of having about 100 pounds of loose skin hanging off his body “like a living shroud.” It often developed infected areas, and he still had to be in a wheelchair most of the time.

Transatlantic cousins

Not a doctor in England was willing to take on the task of excising such a massive amount of tissue. Thanks to media attention in the USA, plastic surgeon Dr. Jennifer Capla heard about Mason’s plight and offered to do the surgery pro bono if he could get to New York. Meanwhile, another American woman, Rebecca Mountain, had seen a BBC documentary about the (former) world’s fattest man. She visited Mason in England and invited him to stay with her in Massachusetts.

So, in mid-2015, about 56 pounds of sagging skin were removed from the patient by Dr. Capla and two other doctors who also waived their fees. The following year, another 20 pounds (or so) of skin were removed from his arms and hips. That may not sound like much, but seeing it spread out on a table is a shocker.

Between Mason and his hostess, a romance developed. When they appeared on a TV show together, she proposed to him on air, and they became engaged. In a later interview, Ms. Mountain reminisced about the enormous emotional attraction the two had shared, and their very satisfactory intimate relationship. She recalled how happy Mason had been when they went out for a movie date, because for the first time in years, he could fit into a theater seat.

(To be continued…)

Your responses and feedback are welcome!

Source: “How the World’s Heaviest Man Lost It All,” GQ.com, 03/07/17
Source: “Fattest man hurt in his wheelchair,” Trem.media/news/uk, 07/03/11
Source: “Losing 650 Pounds, and Preparing to Shed a Reminder of That Weight,” NYTimes.com, 04/25/15
Source: “Paul Mason celebrates ‘feather light’ arms after surgeons remove 10lbs of loose skin,” IpswichStar.co.uk, 09/07/16
Source: “The World’s Fattest Man: 10 Years On, review: do documentaries like this really help?,” Telegraph.co.uk, 11/02/21
Image by Emma Forsberg/CC BY 2.0

Formerly Fat, Latterly Lapsed 1

Paul Mason, born a subject of the British queen, has lived one of the saddest obesity stories of all time, and also one of the most frustrating. His biography has caused people to mutter, “How much help does one person deserve, anyway?” and brought to mind other questions such as, “How does a person, unable to stand or walk, obtain mind-boggling amounts of food?”

An excessive number of news stories have been published about Mason’s personal journey, as well as TV shows and documentaries. Anyone who cared to has been able to view nude photos of him at his most corpulent, inspiring such comments as “Exactly what body part is that?” Despite or perhaps because of this intensive coverage, the timelines of his weight fluctuations and personal life are sometimes confusing.

Apparently, the most he ever weighed was around 980 lbs. However, another source says his max was in the neighborhood of 80 stone, which would be well over a thousand pounds — 1,120 to be exact. Bear in mind, it is very difficult to weigh a large, mostly bedridden person.

The narrative

In 2001, at a relatively modest weight of around 600 pounds, Mason needed a hernia surgically repaired. The local fire department had to demolish a wall and use heavy machinery to extract his bed. Hospital authorities informed him that if he did not survive the surgery, neither the morgue nor other facilities would be able to deal with the situation. For cremation, his remains would be sent to a slaughterhouse.

The administrators even had to write up a special consent form. Twenty years later, Mason told a reporter that this had made a big impression, but in light of many subsequent events, it is hard to connect the dots.

At any rate, Mason remained at that hospital for around two years, and seems to have been a cheering influence, and even the life of the party at times. He was then moved to a retirement home where, Justin Heckert reported, health care workers would sneak him extra food. At 800 pounds, he was moved to a custom-built house. At this point, he was regarded by some as a public enemy who soaked up around $115,000 per year of the nation’s insufficient health care funds. Heckert wrote,

He spent his entire disposable income on food. At one point he gained more than 150 pounds in six months… He never even got a real night’s sleep — his life was a series of catnaps from which he would awake to eat, 24 hours a day…

Mason applied several times for gastric bypass surgery, and apparently, the government finally decided that it would be less expensive than continuing to cover the expenses of a pretty much inert mass.

Your responses and feedback are welcome!

Source: “How the World’s Heaviest Man Lost It All,” GQ.com, 03/07/17
Image by DocChewbacca/CC BY-SA 2.0

More Dread and Action

The BrainWeighve Welcome page tells what it expects from you, and what you can expect from it. For instance,

For in-the-moment, immediate stressful situations with eating urges, you should tap the Rescue button. The Rescue area asks you what is stressing you out the most in your life, at that moment, and then helps you come up with an Action Plan.

A person often feels alone in a problem, and a few even think they must be absolute freaks, because it’s just not possible that anybody has ever been so messed up before. The thing is, they are mistaken in that belief. Chances are, plenty of others face it too — whatever it is — and many of them have a head start toward figuring it out. A lot of the figure-outers are willing to share how they grappled with issues and fought them to a standstill.

Adults are aware that a kid would believe another kid, over an adult. And some grownups tend to upset themselves about how kids influence each other in unhealthy ways. They talk about “peer group pressure” as if it were a totally bad thing. But let’s use a kinder, gentler word and talk about peer influence instead.

At the end of this paragraph, just shrug

Now, here is where this gets really juicy. To help create the BrainWeighve app, many peers have taken the time to share the insights gained from their successful experiences with reversing or avoiding obesity. Also, in the tradition of Dr. Pretlow’s Weigh2Rock website, the app itself continues to accept input from users, to share with noobs and veterans alike, about what works. Of course, not every approach is guaranteed to work for everyone, all the time. Nothing ever is. (Cue shrug).

Some things do work, well enough and often enough to make them worth telling other people about. So, instead of peer group pressure, let’s talk about peer group treasure. Okay, the rhyme isn’t perfect, but it’s the beat that counts, anyway.

Or, consider peer group pleasure. Imagine a collection of people a lot like you, who have gone through some stuff and come out the other side. And they’re happy to share the cheat code! Okay, the comparison is not exact. We would never recommend cheating of any kind. It’s only a figure of speech. In fact, an idea that changes your life might turn out to be as much fun as getting away with something outrageous. (Not that anyone here would advise trying that either.)

The point being…

Others who have walked this path left little keys to success along the way, hidden beneath stones, in tree bark crevices, and in rock niches. They did this on purpose, for you to find, because they are so happy with their new selves, they can’t help wanting to share the wealth. If your philosophical worldview tends in that direction, chances are that before too long, you yourself will be in a position to improve the world by sharing your hard-earned knowledge.

No, there is not one big Key to Success. It’s a variety of little keys that have worked for somebody, and even for a lot of somebodies, and any one of them just might make your life a different place.

Your responses and feedback are welcome!

Image by Jeremy Segrott/CC BY 2.0

Happy Labor Day!

happy-labor-day-flag-bbq-composite

Happy Labor Day!

Holidays are tough for the nutrition-conscious. Drive carefully and eat sanely. Forget the soda, drink lots of water. Have fun being healthy!

Image by vectorfusionart/123RF Stock Photo.

A Circuitous Route to an Answer?

Every now and then, a headline floats by on the screen that poses an irresistible query. In this case, the question is, “Why don’t children with obesity benefit instantly from exercise?

Why is it seemingly so rare for a child to be able to exercise her or his way out of obesity? This is not meant to cast aspersions on the value of exercise in and of itself. Every system in the body benefits from motion. As filmmaker Maya Deren used to say, “Make it move to make it live.”

Prolific and diverse writer Ian Thomsen begins by relating how one of the country’s most excellent school districts (meaning, in the Top 40) prepares children for standardized academic tests. First, they are taken outside for a brisk walk, because studies have shown that exercise improves intellectual performance. Specifically, during the test itself, children become more adept at multitasking, retaining thoughts from one moment to the next, and ignoring distractions.

Well, most of them, anyway. Because, according to Prof. Charles Hillman of the Center for Cognitive and Brain Health, this increase in function does not extend to obese children:

Hillman’s research has found that children in general experience a jump in cognitive performance in the hour immediately following exercise. The exception to this rule is children with obesity… Among children ages 8 to 11, Hillman’s center found that those with a higher body mass index failed to realize a cognitive gain…

The thrust of the inquiry seems to be a suspicion that if researchers can decipher exactly what is going on in one area to cause such a noticeable benefit, perhaps that insight is transferrable to the more mysterious question of why, when the time comes to step on a scale, exercise alone does not seem to move the needle very much.

So far, the suspected culprit is visceral adipose tissue, which protects the internal organs and is very necessary… up to a point. Once that point is passed, however, visceral fat becomes a detriment. Figuring out how that mechanism works might provide insight that is applicable to the tougher questions.

Assistant Professor Lauren Raine, who holds a very long title at a very impressive institution, says,

We know that increased fat is related to increased inflammation… [Obese children] benefit greatly from a long-term approach to fitness. A sustained nine-month program of exercise resulted in greater-than-normal cognitive gains for children with obesity.

The scientists involved here seem to intuit that if an exercise program can be devised that benefits obese children cognitively, as much as it benefits normal-weight children, then whatever it is that causes the effect will extend to other areas of bodily health. If they find out what works in the short term, perhaps they can proceed to understand what will help most in the long run, to prevent and reverse obesity in young people.

Your responses and feedback are welcome!

Source: “Why Don’t Children with Obesity Benefit Instantly from Exercise?,” Northeastern.edu, 08/30/22
Image by Adam Bautz/CC BY 2.0

What in the World Is a Dread List? (Continued)

The previous post finished up with a quotation worth repeating, about the innovative method known as BrainWeighve:

The app helps you deal with both immediate and ongoing difficult life situations and resulting eating urges.

One of the ways BrainWeighve works, the one we’re talking about right now, is by combining the powers of a Dread List with a set of corresponding Action Plans. In other words, the secret here is, it’s not only about making one big decision.

There are little decisions every day, scads of them, and this is where a lot of people get derailed. A conflict between two compelling drives might generate an overflow of nervous energy in the brain, but that brain energy is not being used in any helpful manner. It’s just a loose cannon, floundering around and firing off random blasts every which way.

However, the energy can be chained, curbed, nudged and persuaded into submission, by giving it something useful and relevant to do. That energy, like any decent superhero, can become convinced that using its powers for Good is by far the better course. But how? In explicit, moment-by-moment detail, how?

Glad you asked

BrainWeighve tells how to set up a Dread List, and here is an important tip:

Try to be open and honest, so that the app can help you.

It would be silly not to be honest here, because the only person fibbing could hurt would be yourself. You will be using this information in stressful situations, when competing drives make you feel crazy or out of control or unable to act at all.

Or maybe the scene is not even super horrible, just ordinary everyday frustration that builds up to the point where you don’t feel like trying to be reasonable about it anymore. All kinds of events can create in someone the false conviction that the only possible remedy for the case is to eat something ASAP.

So, make yourself a Dread List. Hit the setup icon and start to compile that inventory of sticky situations. Chances are, this will not be difficult. But if nothing spontaneously comes to mind, tap on “I need ideas on situations” to see typical life events that others have trouble with.

Where did they come from? Excellent question. They were contributed by other young people who participated in the studies that helped Dr. Pretlow and his team figure out what this app needed to cover. If you have ever felt freakishly alone, it might be pretty surprising to learn how widely shared some problems are.

Your responses and feedback are welcome!

What in the World Is a Dread List?

As we have seen, it is quite likely that a person’s overeating problems stem from mental frustration with situations that seem insoluble. While commonplace frustration is intensely annoying, the real trouble starts when two competing drives are battling it out in your head. What a waste of energy. Speaking of which, let’s take a peek at the BrainWeighve App User Manual:

Nervous energy builds up in your brain to either deal with or avoid the situation, and this brain energy overflows or is “displaced” to your feeding drive, causing you to overeat. It’s a normal part of your brain that goes rogue…

The thing is, all that unruly brain power can be roped back into the corral, and harnessed. Use it to define and pin down your troublesome scenarios, and compose your own personal Dread List. But wait, that’s not all! The next step (and this is where your full creativity and originality have a chance to shine) is to make an Action Plan for each contingency.

Okay, that is one thing that stops the overflow production of brain energy. But there is so much more. As the manual stated, “Also, you will learn to rechannel the overflow brain energy to non-harmful displacement behaviors…”

What’s not to like?

Anyway, back to the notion of competing drives. Often, it seems there are only two choices, neither of them good. From the affected person’s point of view, facing this situation engenders a feeling that might be expressed as, “Damned if I do, damned if I don’t.” When others observe someone who seems to be at an impasse, experiencing paralysis of the will, they might also find things to say, which are not always kind.

A corny old remark is relatively polite: “Fish or cut bait!” There is also a much more popular but quite vulgar phrase we can’t even say here, but everybody has heard it. Another variation that means pretty much the same thing is, “Put up or shut up!”

It’s bad enough that other people say these things, but when it gets to where you are saying them to yourself, something needs to be done. What might that thing be? Well, two things, actually. Make a Dread List, and make Action Plans.

Yes, you can

In many lives, the dilemma created by opposing drives will generate such urgency that a person will build a whole philosophy around it. For instance, they will declare that a bold move, even if it turns out wrong, is better than a timid refusal to do anything.

But consider this: What if you make a bold move and it turns out to be right? Even splendidly, spectacularly right! That is the best of all possible worlds. Imagine the triumph of making the bold move to, for instance, get serious about resisting obesity. Imagine giving it an honest, earnest try for six months. Now, soak up BrainWeighve’s pitch:

The app helps you deal with both immediate and ongoing difficult life situations and resulting eating urges.

(To be continued…)

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Profiles: Kids Struggling with Weight

Profiles: Kids Struggling with Obesity top bottom

The Book

OVERWEIGHT: What Kids Say explores the obesity problem from the often-overlooked perspective of children struggling with being overweight.

About Dr. Robert A. Pretlow

Dr. Robert A. Pretlow is a pediatrician and childhood obesity specialist. He has been researching and spreading awareness on the childhood obesity epidemic in the US for more than a decade.
You can contact Dr. Pretlow at:

Presentations

Dr. Pretlow’s invited presentation at the American Society of Animal Science 2020 Conference
What’s Causing Obesity in Companion Animals and What Can We Do About It

Dr. Pretlow’s invited presentation at the World Obesity Federation 2019 Conference:
Food/Eating Addiction and the Displacement Mechanism

Dr. Pretlow’s Multi-Center Clinical Trial Kick-off Speech 2018:
Obesity: Tackling the Root Cause

Dr. Pretlow’s 2017 Workshop on
Treatment of Obesity Using the Addiction Model

Dr. Pretlow’s invited presentation for
TEC and UNC 2016

Dr. Pretlow’s invited presentation at the 2015 Obesity Summit in London, UK.

Dr. Pretlow’s invited keynote at the 2014 European Childhood Obesity Group Congress in Salzburg, Austria.

Dr. Pretlow’s presentation at the 2013 European Congress on Obesity in Liverpool, UK.

Dr. Pretlow’s presentation at the 2011 International Conference on Childhood Obesity in Lisbon, Portugal.

Dr. Pretlow’s presentation at the 2010 Uniting Against Childhood Obesity Conference in Houston, TX.

Food & Health Resources