Globesity — Brainwashing Caribbean Kids

Recently, Childhood Obesity News mentioned public resistance to the soda industry’s deliberate and unrelenting targeting of teenagers in its advertising, as documented by Deakin University research. U.S. Right to Know co-director Gary Ruskin maintains that teens are vulnerable to manipulation just as children are (and adults, for that matter).

Ruskin speaks of Coke’s “efforts to evade responsibility for the global obesity epidemic” and adds,

What’s insidious here is a health campaign that is using tobacco’s tactics, promoting alternative science in a way that advances the notion that sugary sodas aren’t really so bad for people’s health.

A big part of that notion, as revealed by the study, is Big Soda’s ambition to convince the world that what people eat and drink has nothing to do with their obesity status. The corporations are pitching the idea that the only responsible factor is lack of exercise, and they are even trying to induce the World Health Organization to endorse their point of view.

Co-author Benjamin Wood said the point of the study was to “raise awareness of these hidden tactics and strategies to target teenagers and their mothers.” The Coca-Cola Company had promised to stop marketing to kids under 12, but in what universe is it possible to produce advertising aimed at teenagers that will not be seen and heard by younger kids? To call this any sort of meaningful promise is silly.

The high SSB consumption in the Caribbean

What part of the world consumes the relative highest amount of sugar-sweetened beverages? The Caribbean. The area shares with Latin America the distinction of “highest absolute mortality related to SSB consumption.” In all the entire world, eight of the 20 countries with the highest SSB-related death toll are in Latin America and the Caribbean. Dominica, the Bahamas, and St. Vincent and the Grenadines are the countries in the most trouble.

In Trinidad, approximately 75% the students between the ages of 13 and 15 consume SSBs daily. In Barbados and Jamaica, and the Bahamas, the percentages are almost as high. Journalist Daphne Ewing-Chow obtained a quotation from Maisha Hutton, Executive Director of the Healthy Caribbean Coalition:

One in every three Caribbean children is obese and at risk for developing non-communicable diseases including diabetes, hypertension and heart disease.

Apparently, part of the attraction of many popular beverages is that they dye the kids’ lips and tongues in garish neon colors, which some grownups find particularly annoying.

More bad news

As if all this were not enough, these scary statistics prevail despite the fact that restrictions and preventative measures are in place in many areas. Four years ago, Barbados initiated a tax on sugar-sweetened beverages, including fruit juice and sports drinks. But…

While there was a 4.3% decline in SSB sales and an increase of 7.5% in bottled water sales during the first year of implementation, a recent study found evidence suggesting that consumers responded to the price increase by purchasing cheaper sugary drinks that are typically associated with higher levels of sugar.

Your responses and feedback are welcome!

Source: “Coca-Cola internal documents reveal efforts to sell to teens, despite obesity crisis,” WashingtonPost.com, 12/18/19
Source: “Sugary Beverages Are Feeding A Childhood Obesity Epidemic In the Caribbean,” Forbes.com, 12/23/19
Photo credit: Amir Appel on Visualhunt/CC BY

Soft Drink Ogre Wants to Swallow the World

Among other disreputable acts, the Coca-Cola Company has been accused of co-opting and corrupting the music industry. They started hiring singing stars, wrote Ryan Alexander Diduck, as far back as 1900, with a cabaret singer named Hilda Clark (pictured). In 1964, Canadian vocalist Bobby Curtola hit the bigtime with a song titled “Things Go Getter with Coca-Cola” that is described as “both a commercial song and a song commercial.”

It was also recorded by Roy Orbison, the Supremes, Otis Redding, and other artists. Diduck went on to say,

What Coca-Cola introduced was the concept of adapting their jingles to as many musicians as possible. Coke even released a record of these various iterations in 1966, and the corporate jingle became a mainstay on radio, television, and in film for decades afterwards…

Then in 1984, there was Michael Jackson’s notorious Pepsi commercial. Musical purists accuse these practices of weakening the entire art form. Critics in another area say that members of minority groups are “targeted, recruited, and objectified” in this way, because compared to white kids, black children are about twice as likely to see soft drink ads on TV.

Red Bull seems to be the leader in figuring out new strategies to reach kids, by sponsoring breakdancing competitions, video game tournaments, and extreme sporting events. The writer describes the company as “micro-targeting the so-called ‘unreachables’ — the emerging, tech-savvy, and highly profitable millennial generation of consumers that most industries regarded as beyond the grasp of conventional advertising,” and goes on to say:

Red Bull never commissioned a musician to sing a Red Bull jingle or contracted an artist to be their celebrity spokesperson. Instead, they devised insidious ways to harness themselves to grassroots communities that were already in full trot, infiltrating music scenes like a virus instead of simply co-opting them.

Diduck also points out that since the 1990s, the marketing of tobacco and alcohol to minors has been tightly controlled. Despite many people’s belief that sugar is an equally serious threat, the soda industry enjoys a benefit equivalent to a hunting open season, when it comes to targeting children and teens, and soft drink corporations “exhibit the very essence of predatory behavior.” Diduck writes,

Reach them while they’re young, addict them to sugar, caffeine, addict them to addiction itself, addict them for life.

No matter how admirable the Olympic Games may be for philosophical reasons, there is ideological pushback from critics who see the Coca-Cola Company’s sponsorship of the Olympics (since 1928) as just as sneaky and underhanded as using music videos by pop stars.

When the Coke wrote up its sponsorship proposal for the 2016 global competition, it appears to have had the blatant intention of brainwashing teenagers and mothers. It is seen by suspicious groups as part of the gigantic public relations campaign whose goal is to shift public consciousness from the input side of the energy exchange theory, to the output side.

In other words, the beverage industry and the junk food industry have a very significant vested interest in convincing people that it really doesn’t matter what they ingest. They would like us to believe that every ounce of blame for overweight, obesity, and any related form of ill health rests solely on the individual, for not getting enough exercise. Just in case their advertising efforts cannot convince us of that, they have been pressuring the World Health Organization to tell us it’s true.

The organization U.S. Right to Know teamed up with scholars from Australia’s Deakin University to produce a paper that was published in the International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. The research they did convinced them that Coke had the specific intention of teaching teenagers that sugar-sweetened beverages have no health impact. If children and teens gain weight, it is their own fault for not skipping enough rope or playing enough basketball.

Coke’s stated hope is to “cement” its brand’s “credibility in the health and well-being space,” while numerous individuals and groups throughout the world are saying, in effect, that train has left the station and that ship has sailed.

Your responses and feedback are welcome!

Source: “From Coke & Pepsi To Red Bull, How Fizzy Drinks Swallowed Music,” TheQuietus.com, 10/31/19
Source: “Coca-Cola internal documents reveal efforts to sell to teens, despite obesity crisis,” WashingtonPost.com, 12/18/19
Image source: Public Domain

The Reign of Big Soda Continues

In the last post we saw how the industry spent a lot of money influencing the people of Washington State to exempt their harmful products from sales tax, and how they will predictably use that success as a template to convince states, one by one, to forget about ever taxing beverages, whether sweetened naturally or artificially. Sadly, the people in favor of taxing soda have nothing on their side but evidence, for instance:

Philadelphia chose a tax on sugary drinks and recently reported that unemployment actually declined in economic sectors related to the beverage industry. In Berkeley, a study of shoppers’ grocery receipts found that grocery bills stayed stable in the first year of their sugary-drink tax.

While that Washington initiative was being fought, a man in France was sentenced to three months in prison, and his sons were taken to foster homes. According to TimesNowNews.com,

The elder boy had to have seven sugar-rotted teeth removed, and the second does not speak. Both have been taken into care, where they have been introduced to meat and vegetables.

The family’s living space had no refrigerator, or toys for the kids, who slept on a mattress without covers. The main reason for the children’s removal, however, was that their diet consisted of nothing but cake and Coke. Various sources described the father as illiterate, innumerate, and guilty of domestic violence. Not exactly the type of celebrity a company should want endorsing its product.

Early in 2019, there was renewed interest in the scandal that stemmed from emails exchanged between high officials in the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and executives at Coke, between 2011 and 2015. The industry wanted pressure exerted on the World Health Organization to blame obesity on lack of exercise and never, ever, on diet.

The adverse publicity resulted in two high-level resignations from the government body, but an organization called U.S. Right to Know was not satisfied. Early in 2018 it had sued the CDC, on grounds that the agency had not fully complied with the earlier requests for records of its correspondence with Coke.

Interest was also re-aroused in how the CDC Foundation, whose ethics guidelines state that it is not supposed to accept contributions that could tarnish its nonprofit integrity, accepted $1 million in donations from Coca Cola during that same time frame. Politically, no favoritism is apparent here.

The refreshingly non-partisan co-director of U.S. Right To Know, Gary Ruskin, was quoted as saying,

How many real investigations into the power of big sugar and big soda happened during the Obama or Trump years? The answer: zero. How many major regulatory efforts were undertaken? Answer: zero.

In February, two members of Congress formally requested that the Inspector General of the Department of Health and Human Services should investigate that Coke-CDC relationship. A worldwide pattern is becoming apparent, and China is only one of the other countries besides the United States where Coke has manipulated public health policy for its benefit.

Your responses and feedback are welcome!

Source: “‘Big Soda’ wants to take away our control,” SeattleTimes.com, 09/28/18
Source: “Father of two jailed in France for feeding his children only Coca-Cola,” TimesNowNews.com10/25/18
Source: “The Health 202: Coca-Cola emails reveal how soda industry tries to influence health officials,” SFGate.com, 01/29/19
Source: “Two congresswomen want an investigation into CDC’s crooked relationship with Coca-Cola,” Salon.com, 02/05/19
Image by Eva/Attribution-NoDerivs 2.0 Generic (CC BY-ND 2.0)

A Decade of Perfidy, Continued

As far back as 2014, concerned health professionals voiced their doubts about artificial flavor enhancers compounded from chemicals. Bruce Bradley, a reformed processed food marketer, wrote,

Let’s be honest, who knows how this additive will affect our bodies? We certainly haven’t seen any testing that should make us rest easier… [T]ime and again we’ve learned we don’t truly understand the intricacies of the metabolic pathways our body. Sweetmyx could be yet another additive that may trick our taste buds today, but wreak untold damage over our lifetimes.

This preoccupation with long-term effects is justified for many reasons. As we have seen, obesity is multifactorial, and when the industry persists in adding new factors every so often, it certainly does not help scientists to figure out how those forces interact. From the last post, a reader might have gotten the impression that the Sweetmyx flavor booster story was over. But no.

According to writer Andrea Byrnes, such grocery items as coffee creamer and soup now contain Sweetmyx and similar potions from other brands. Earlier this year, the claim began to circulate through the culture that consumers of those products, whether they know it or not, are enabling the societal problem of abortion.

A faith-based organization has taken charge of alerting the public to this possibility, and is careful to specify that while foods and beverages do not actually contain aborted fetal material, the testing process does. Byrnes writes,

The American biotech company Senomyx has developed chemical additives that can enhance flavor and smell. To do this, they had to produce an army of never-tiring taste testers — that is, flavor receptors engineered from human embryonic kidney cells (HEK 293, fetal cell line popular in pharmaceutical research.).

PepsiCo of course denies this, and it is mentioned here only to illustrate the extreme measures that publicity-seeking entities will take against their innocent victims, the giant conglomerates of the soda industry.

1634 never had a chance

Last year in the state of Washington, an initiative known as 1634 was placed on the ballot through the combined efforts of Coke, Pepsi, two other beverage companies, and the Washington Food Industry Association. Together, they contributed almost 99% of the $13 million behind it. The object of the Prohibit Local Taxes on Groceries Measure was to “prohibit local government entities from imposing any new tax, fee, or other assessment.”

The other side pointed out that basic groceries were already exempt from sales taxes, and the only food group to be seriously affected was soda pop. Two opponents of the measure, Mary Ann Bauman, a doctor who volunteers with the American Heart Association, and Estela Ortega, leader of El Centro de la Raza, wrote,

Essentially, what the soda companies want to do is deny every other community the freedom to raise money for public health by taxing sugary beverages, and prevent Seattle from ever raising its tax.

Seattle is of course in Washington, and its soda tax has brought in about $20 million earmarked for community-supported summer school programs, better access to healthy foods for the economically challenged, and community college scholarships. Corporations, on the other hand, hold staunchly libertarian views such as “taxation is theft.”

Not surprisingly, with all that corporate muscle behind it, 1634 passed, encouraging Big Soda to make the same move, state by state, despite the fact that their arguments are fallacious.

Your responses and feedback are welcome!

Source: “Sweetmyx: A New Sweetener That’s Sneaking Into Our Food,” BruceBradley.com, 04/23/14
Source: “Products That Use Aborted Fetuses,” HLI.org, 04/23/19
Source: “‘Big Soda’ wants to take away our control,” SeattleTimes.com, 09/28/18
Image by haddensavix/Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0)

Sweetmyx — What Is This Stuff, Anyway?

Sweetmyx S617 (or Sweetmyx for short) was described in the previous post. It is called a “flavor enhancer,” and the makers of soda pop believe they need to include in it their products to make up for the sugar they have been pressured to leave out. Several years ago, it was known as a “commercial milestone” and “the next big thing.” Pepsico bought the exclusive rights, planning to use it in two drinks, Manzanita Sol and Mug Root Beer, in which it was expected to reduce the caloric total by 25%.

In 2015, sports nutritionist Britt Glock explained that Sweetmyx is not a sweetener, but a chemical that makes the taste buds more sensitive to sugar, so just a tiny bit can taste like a lot. Their goal, says Glock, is “to keep us addicted to soda pop.” Sweetmyx had not at the time been declared Generally Recognized As Safe by the FDA, but only by a trade association that is essentially an industry partner.

Glock added,

They will be using “lab humans” in Denver and Philadelphia to market-test the products, and the new Sweetmyx-enhanced beverages should be on shelves by the end of October.

Glock implores people to, before capitulating to this harmful trend, try a couple of other things first, like eating whole, farm-fresh foods. Her suggestion is to avoid processed foods, and she passes along a tip repeated by many health-conscious mentors, which is to look at the ingredients on the label and if you can’t pronounce one of them, don’t eat the stuff. Shockingly, she even implies that consuming a few extra calories is preferable to making oneself vulnerable to the side effects of unpronounceable additives.

But why? Why should we avoid these substances? Because in the multifactorial world of causation, all these random chemicals do things that science simply does not know enough about. It is pretty clear however that some, if not all, of them affect the body in ways that enable obesity. It doesn’t mean that getting rid of them is the only answer. But to avoid them as much as possible is appropriate and reasonable.

The very next month, journalist Chris Young wrote about Sweetmyx and the “scrutiny” it was attracting. The report is comprehensive, but we will mention the obesity-related parts. Sweetmyx was heralded as “one of the food industry’s answers to our nation’s unhealthy obsession with sugar” and as an “important tool” to fight obesity. Also,

To date, the company has developed a handful of flavor enhancers, including one that amplifies the sweetness of the artificial sweetener sucralose (also known as Splenda) and Sweetmyx S617, which magnifies the sweetness of fructose, high fructose corn syrup and common table sugar.

Young mentions how diet sodas waned in popularity in the 1980s, perhaps because of studies that had indicated health risks. Writing on this topic tends to produce problematic sentences like,

There are also growing concerns about the safety of artificial sweeteners like aspartame, which prompted Pepsi to announce in April that it was replacing the ingredient in its diet soft drinks with sucralose, another artificial sweetener.

Your responses and feedback are welcome!

Source: “Bite it with Britt: Is Sweetmyx just another artificial sweetener?,” PostIndependent.com, 09/08/15
Source: “San Diego Company’s New ‘Sweetness Enhancer’ Draws Scrutiny,” KPBS.org, 10/18/15
Image by Denisen Family/Attribution-NoDerivs 2.0 Generic (CC BY-ND 2.0)

A Decade of Perfidy — Beverage Additives

“SSBs” is a convenient nickname for sugar-sweetened beverages, but an inaccurate one, because artificially-sweetened beverages are just as awful in their own way. The resistance movement probably wastes a considerable amount of energy debating which is worse. It can all devastate lives, and it’s all crap. Researchers who are not on the Big Soda payroll have poked their investigative noses into plenty of questions whose answers stink.

Take this headline for example: “Artificially Sweetened Drinks (Aspartame, etc.) Found To Triple Your Risk of Stroke & Dementia.” A research team from Boston University published its official report (whose slightly longer title also included sugar) in the journal Stroke. Journalist Arjun Walia interpreted it for the lay reader as “a one of a kind study examining whether artificially sweetened beverage consumption is associated with risks of stroke or dementia.” The answer they came up with is, yes.

Artificial sweeteners had previously been spotlighted as active in causing diabetes and cancer, and now a decade-long study of 3,000 adults has found that “drinking diet soda regularly nearly triples your risk of developing stroke or dementia.” Actually, it didn’t come as that much of a surprise. The increased stroke risk was known from both American and Japanese studies as far back as 2012. One of the same authors was involved in research based on 4,000 subjects, published the same year in Alzheimer’s & Dementia:

The focus here was on people who consumed more than two sugary drinks per day of any type, and more than three per week of soda.

Among the “high intake” group, researchers discovered several signs of accelerated brain aging that all correlated with early-stage Alzheimer’s disease. They also found that at least one diet soda per day was associated with smaller brain volume.

Can soft drinks dosed with artificial sweetener actually shrink human brains? Do we really want to take this experiment any further, especially with our kids as laboratory animals? Apparently, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) refused to approve aspartame for 20 years, and a massive amount of political finagling in the early 1980s finally made it legal.

But no matter how viciously these battles are fought something else always comes along to capture the attention of the public.

The venerable nutrition expert Marion Nestle, back in 2014, was alerted by one of her readers to the existence of a product from Senomyx Inc. that had been christened Sweetmyx. She learned from the Bloomberg business news empire that the stuff was “generally recognized as safe.” This had been determined by an organization called the Flavor and Extract Manufacturers Association, which is kind of like letting a corrupt police department investigate itself for misconduct.

The FDA thought so too, and published a stern statement. Senomyx Inc. was trying to fool the public into thinking that the FDA itself had made the “Generally Recognized As Safe” determination, and while there is no law against anybody else using that phrase, implying that the FDA used it is definitely frowned upon.

PepsiCo didn’t care. They were so jazzed about Sweetmyx, they bought exclusive rights to use it in their soda pop. What happened next? Stay tuned.

Your responses and feedback are welcome!

Source: “Artificially Sweetened Drinks (Aspartame, etc.) Found To Triple Your Risk of Stroke & Dementia,” Collective-Evolution.com, 09/05/17
Source: “No, FDA Has Not Approved Sweetmyx; Another Reason To Fix GRAS Regs,” FoodSafetyNews.com, 03/17/14
Image by Jimelovski Platano Macho/Flickr

The Industry — A Decade of Perfidy

When we talk about the soda industry we are, let’s face it, pretty much talking about the Coca-Cola Company, which holds the distinction of thinking up a bunch of bad actions; and of being the first to try them out, and also of repeating them more often, more widely, and more thoroughly than any other company. Childhood Obesity News has discussed this corporation’s nasty habits before, and now celebrates the turn of the decade by looking back on the last 10 years for any we might have skipped.

Back in 2010, many consumer advocacy groups were upset over what seemed like a mere cosmetic effort concerning food labels. Manufacturers strive to give an impression that the contents of their packages are more “natural” than the contents of their competitors’ packages. Meanwhile, no substantive changes are made.

Government bodies in Britain and Europe were still enmeshed in a fight with the giant Ajinomoto Corporation, which makes aspartame. Unfortunately, many “watchdog” agencies had decreed the substance to be okay.

Then in 2011, along came neotame, supposedly an obesity fighter, but actually the opposite.
Opponents pointed out that the two amino acids in neotame stimulate the release of insulin and leptin. Those hormones have a lot to do with satiety, fat storage, and other elements of what we call the body’s metabolism.

Leptin resistance can develop just like insulin resistance, and also increase visceral fat. Although neotame is not sugar, it acts like sugar — so what exactly is the point of using it as a sugar substitute? Nevertheless, the Food and Drug Administration approved it.

Speaking of hormones…

For the journal Human Reproduction, Alexa Erickson reported on research from the Harvard School of Public Health on how liquid sugar (a fitting synonym for soda pop) is changing the world, and not for the better. Scholars monitored the health of 5,583 girls, ages 9-14, for five years, which is a respectable time frame for a study. Erickson wrote:

They concluded that consuming more than one-and-a-half sugary drinks a day in the five-year time frame resulted in girls having their first periods 2.7 months earlier than those who consumed two or less of the same drinks a week…

[T]he researchers’ findings took into account other factors that may affect a girl’s age of first menstruation, including the girls’ BMI, height, daily calories, exercise, and other lifestyle factors, and found soda and other sugary drinks were still to blame.

Science is far from understanding all the harm done by accelerating the process of puberty, but what has been learned so far is sobering. These questions do not get enough attention, because teams are busy arguing about whether natural sweeteners are worse or better than artificial ones. Can we just stipulate that they are all harmful, and move on to actually making some kind of difference?

Your responses and feedback are welcome!

Source: “100% natural (and absolutely no ‘hairy chemicals’…),” FoodManufacture.co.uk, 06/14/10
Source: “The Newest Dangerous Sweetener to Hit Your Food Shelves…,” Articles.mercola.com, 02/08/11
Source: “Scientists Outline Distressing Facts About What Soda Drinks Are Doing To The Bodies Of Young Girls,” Collective-Evolution.com, 07/14/16
Image by Trevilian Coke/Attribution-ShareAlike 2.0 Generic (CC BY-SA 2.0)

Why Is Santa Claus Fat?

An Internet search for “fat Santa” will yield tens of thousands of images. How did this state of affairs come about? All kinds of Saint Nicholas lore exists, and here at Childhood Obesity News, it is Santa’s waist circumference that grabs our attention. When did he last have a checkup?

Chris Gayomali wrote for The Week,

Early American writer Washington Irving […] was one of the first to balloon Santa’s waistline: In an 1809 book, he switched skinny St. Nicholas and his episcopal robes for a fat elf in traditional Dutch garb. And yes, he looked terrifying.

In the 1890s, American artist Thomas Nast played a big part in solidifying the image of Santa as a portly old man with a bushy white beard. In the 1920s and 1930s, the Coca-Cola Company wanted to convey to the American public an important concept — that consumption of their product did not have to be limited to the hot months. They figured that Santa was the guy for the job.

Another artist, Haddon Sundblom, depicted the roly-poly, dangerously red-cheeked fellow that the corporation promoted for decades. Sundblom was inspired by the famous Clement Clark Moore poem that begins, “‘Twas the night before Christmas,” and the one thing everybody remembers is the rhyme of belly with jelly, because when Santa laughs, a bowlful of jelly is what Santa’s belly shakes like.

Sundblom employed the services of a real model, Lou Prentiss. In advertisements, Santa was often shown playing with or cuddling children. Sometimes he took off his outer jacket, revealing red suspenders. Sundblom continued to contribute new features to the Santa image until 1964.

What were they thinking?

American Santa’s weight is generally estimated to be around 300 pounds, and his state of fitness is deplorable. Journalist Heather Taylor suggests that the well-fed, irrepressibly jolly Santa was just what a Depression-weary American public needed. But somehow, depictions of the Christmas saint as a fat man never caught on in Europe. Nor do European kids set up a plate of sugary cookies that Santa must politely consume. Instead, they give hay or carrots for the reindeer.

Did Coke’s advertising department consider the mixed message that would be sent by the thousands of images of Santa drinking Coke, while rudely shunning the glasses of healthful milk? Did they worry that any kids would put two and two together, and deduce that Santa was so riotously obese because of drinking all that Coke? Apparently not.

Writer Jennifer Graham points out that in the animated version of “Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer,” a certain amount of familial enabling goes on, as Mrs. Claus says, “You’re going to disappoint the children. They expect a fat Santa.”

Let’s wind up the discussion of fat Santa with one feel-bad story and one feel-good story.
Jackie Salo reported on an unfortunate incident that happened three years back, in North Carolina. In a commercial setting, a nine-year-old boy sat on Santa’s lap and was advised by the jolly old elf to eat fewer burgers and fries. A picture was taken, which the child later tore up. It is not clear whether the Santa was fired for fat-shaming, but perhaps he should have been.

Slightly farther back in time, Chuck Lee, a 57-year-old banjo maker and seasonal Santa from Texas (who, incidentally, made his own red suit), decided to turn things around. Journalist Scott Goldstein wrote,

He either needed surgery to address painful gall bladder attacks or he had to make drastic lifestyle changes.

He stopped eating the “bad fats” and most dairy and wheat products and cut back on his sugar intake. He focused more on fruits and vegetables.
Lee also got back into his old martial arts hobby…

Lee lost 50 pounds (and the gall bladder problem), although he reassured the journalist that he still had chubby cheeks and a Santa twinkle in his eyes. Lee told the Santa network about his change, and the reception was overwhelmingly positive and reportedly motivational to many other professional Santas.

Your responses and feedback are welcome!

Source: “When did Santa Claus get so fat?” TheWeek.com, 12/24/12
Source: “Meet Haddon Sundblom, Creator of Coca-Cola’s Santa Claus,” AdvertisingWeek360.com, 12/19/17
Source: “Santa wasn’t always overweight. Here’s how he got that way,” Deseret.com, 12/25/15
Source: “Santa Claus fat shames 9-year-old boy,” NYPost.com, 12/07/16
Source: “No more fat Santa, says Claus with surprising message,” Scrubbing.in, 12/19/14
Image by T Dale Bagwell/Flickr

Wisdom vs. Spin

“Spin” is not quite lying. It can involve exaggeration, mal-emphasis, the cherry-picking of evidence, misrepresentation, slant, overgeneralization, deliberate misunderstanding, disingenuousness, willful ignorance, and more.

In 2017, three authors, including Prof. Lisa Bero, published “‘Spin’ in published biomedical literature: A methodological systematic review.” In the vital job of spin prevention, peer reviewers and the editors of professional journals are the first line of defense. They are expected to check the study conclusions (usually words) against the study results (usually numbers) and see if they align.

When causal language is inappropriately used, their job is to call it out. The authors added,

Second, clinical practice and public health guidelines should be developed based on systematic reviews to ensure that recommendations are founded on rigorous data and not misleading conclusions.

Third, promoting fully open data or inviting published interpretation of published data from multiple researchers could mitigate the occurrence of spin.

Finally, structural reforms within academia are needed to change research incentives and reward structures that emphasize ‘positive’ conclusions…

Not long afterward, an interview with Jennifer Woo Baidal, M.D., emphasized once again that “understanding potentially effective ways to prevent childhood obesity, particularly in vulnerable populations, should focus on early life.” In terms of fighting obesity, the ground lost in those early years can be recovered only with great difficulty, and maybe not at all.

These researchers studied families and discovered that parents who have a bad attitude about sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) consume fewer SSBs, and are less likely to give them to their children. But apparently the parents with negative attitudes about soda pop are in the minority, since 89% of the adult subjects and 30% of the children in the study included it in their diets.

Being multifactorial, obesity is very difficult to tame, especially since systems or processes may be involved that science does not even have a clue about yet. In response, Dr. Baidal and many other health professionals make a very strong and pertinent point about obesity and the adverse health outcomes connected with it. The consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages is a “modifiable risk factor,” otherwise known as “a thing we can do something about.”

Ta-dah!

Remember the Serenity Prayer? A person asks for the serenity to accept what can’t be changed, the courage to handle things that can be changed — and the wisdom to know the difference. That is the crux of the argument. There are so many things we can’t change or don’t even know about — and yet here is a clear, straightforward example of a behavior that can definitively, indubitably be changed. People can choose to stop pouring sugar-sweetened beverages down their throats.

Such an obvious solution should emanate from heaven surrounded by golden rays and silver clouds, accompanied by trumpet blasts. “Hey, humans, yoo-hoo! You wanted a simple, cheap answer to the obesity epidemic — well here it is! No need for a magic wand, or silver bullet. No need for a genie with a lamp. Just stop drinking that swill! You’re welcome!”

And the response is, as they say in show biz — crickets.

Your responses and feedback are welcome!

Source: “‘Spin’ in published biomedical literature: A methodological systematic review,” PLOS.org, 09/11/17
Source: “Parental Attitudes Linked to Infant Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption,” MedicalResearch.com, 10/25/18
Image by Andreas Kretschmer/Attribution 2.0 Generic (CC BY 2.0)

Coke vs. Science

Right around the time when Dr. Brenda Fitzgerald was appointed head of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the watchdog group U.S. Right to Know requested from the government the records having to do with the relationship between the government and the soda industry.

The industry would prefer that the American people never see any causal link between obesity and sugar-sweetened beverages, and is willing to go to extreme lengths and spend a lot of money to insure that outcome.

Industry-sponsored research is often of dubious quality. This lack of authenticity has a knock-on effect, because those studies are used as tools to affect public policy, which translates into affecting the lives of actual humans, often in very harmful ways.

The Coca-Cola Company has a history of quite pushy behavior in regard to the federal government, resulting in what critics describe as a very cozy relationship, and that is not meant as an endearment. Dr. Robert Lustig has publicly asked why there needs to be any chit-chat at all between Coke and the Centers for Disease Control, who really should not have that much to say to each other.

Ancient wisdom

Maybe the government is following the old tactic: “Keep your friends close, and your enemies closer.” Maybe the government simply shakes its head and says, “Better to have them inside the tent spitting out, than outside the tent spitting in.”

The food industry has suborned scientists into decreeing that sugar, meat, and salt are the exact substances that everybody needs more of. Of course, a better argument can be made for meat, or even salt, than for sugar. But the principle is the same.

In the research world, as in many other realms, there are degrees of corruption. Several kinds of lines are there to be crossed. Outright falsification and fabrication are, of course, the worst, but before matters progress that far other deleterious things can happen.

A couple of years ago, U.S. Right to Know used the Freedom of Information Act to pry loose a stash of email communications between the Coca-Cola Company, some of its tame scientists, and the CDC. Journalist Jesse Hirsch wrote,

The company’s attempts to cast doubt on the link between obesity and sugary beverages have been well-documented for years. The newly released emails, where Coke-funded obesity studies are foisted on the CDC, explicitly showcase that goal.

Coke was outed as being crooked, once again. The corporation had funded $6.4 million worth of research through an outfit known as ISCOLE, which generated two or three dozen studies that blamed childhood obesity solely on kids not moving around enough.

For Forbes.com, Rob Waters interviewed prominent critics of Coke’s science-undermining methods, such as Professor Lisa Bero of the University of Sydney, an old hand at deciphering the connections between corporate funding of research, and research findings. Waters wrote,

In the soda arena, Bero says, researchers with financial ties to food companies were five times more likely to conclude that sugar-sweetened beverages had no impact on weight gain than authors with no financial links. And in a study published last year, she found that the results of studies looking at the health effects of diet soda were also highly related to the source of funding.

There were also some funky studies of artificial sweeteners where corporate-funded research resulted in a much higher approval rating for those substances, than studies sponsored by impartial institutions. There was also, among study authors, an epidemic of undeclared conflicts of interest.

Your responses and feedback are welcome!

Source: “The CDC’s ties to Coca Cola go deeper than its new director,” NewFoodEconomy.org, 07/11/17
Source: “The Coca-Cola Network: Soda Giant Mines Connections With Officials And Scientists To Wield Influence,” Forbes.com, 07/11/17
Image by Gerry/Flickr

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Profiles: Kids Struggling with Weight

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The Book

OVERWEIGHT: What Kids Say explores the obesity problem from the often-overlooked perspective of children struggling with being overweight.

About Dr. Robert A. Pretlow

Dr. Robert A. Pretlow is a pediatrician and childhood obesity specialist. He has been researching and spreading awareness on the childhood obesity epidemic in the US for more than a decade.
You can contact Dr. Pretlow at:

Presentations

Dr. Pretlow’s invited presentation at the American Society of Animal Science 2020 Conference
What’s Causing Obesity in Companion Animals and What Can We Do About It

Dr. Pretlow’s invited presentation at the World Obesity Federation 2019 Conference:
Food/Eating Addiction and the Displacement Mechanism

Dr. Pretlow’s Multi-Center Clinical Trial Kick-off Speech 2018:
Obesity: Tackling the Root Cause

Dr. Pretlow’s 2017 Workshop on
Treatment of Obesity Using the Addiction Model

Dr. Pretlow’s invited presentation for
TEC and UNC 2016

Dr. Pretlow’s invited presentation at the 2015 Obesity Summit in London, UK.

Dr. Pretlow’s invited keynote at the 2014 European Childhood Obesity Group Congress in Salzburg, Austria.

Dr. Pretlow’s presentation at the 2013 European Congress on Obesity in Liverpool, UK.

Dr. Pretlow’s presentation at the 2011 International Conference on Childhood Obesity in Lisbon, Portugal.

Dr. Pretlow’s presentation at the 2010 Uniting Against Childhood Obesity Conference in Houston, TX.

Food & Health Resources